katɨr

mule

Proto-Turkic: *KAtɨr
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Russian meaning: мул
Karakhanid: qatɨr (MK, KB)
Turkish: katɨr
Middle Turkic: qatɨr (AH, Houts., IM)
Azerbaidzhan: Gatɨr
Turkmen: Gatɨr
Noghai: qatɨr
Balkar: qadɨr
Comments: VEWT 242, ЭСТЯ 5, 339-340, TMN 3, No 1395. The Turkic form may well be borrowed < Iran., cf. Saka khaḍara- 'mule'. Here -ḍ- points to *rd, cf. Sogd. ɣrtr'k < *xarataraka 'mule' (for a quite similar compound cf. Pers. astar 'mule' < *assa-tara 'horse from one side' (Bailey 70). Doerfer is concerned about lack of length in Turkic, but length is likewise lacking in Saka and other Iranian forms. The only phonetic difficulty is the Turkic reflex -t-, because Saka ḍ in the Saka-Uygh. glossary (14th c.) renders Turkic -r-. In one obvious Saka loan the Saka -ḍ- is indeed rendered as -r-