čok (-ɣu) 1, čoɣal- 3

1 many, very 2 vile, hooligan 3 to gather, multiply 4 group, crowd

Proto-Turkic: *čok
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Proto-Altaic: *č`áko
Nostratic: Nostratic
Russian meaning: 1 много, очень 2 дурной, хулиган, баловник 3 собирать(ся), размножать(ся) 4 толпа, множество
Turkic: *čok
Tungus-Manchu: *čak
Korean: *čhắ-
Japanese: *tákú-páp-
Comments: VEWT 113, EDT 405, 406. The Oghuz adverb 'much', in the 12th c. (KB) 'very, extremely', is probably the same word as čoq 'bad, vile'(Ogh. 11) (cf. also the Tuva parallel). Turk. > Mong. (Khalkha) cox in cox xara 'very black'. The identification of čoq-(la-) 'gather, collect' with čoɣ-la- 'to bind, pack' (ДТС) or čoq- 'to bend' (EDT) is rather dubious. Vocalic length is unclear (cf. the voicing of -k- in Western Oghuz).
Karakhanid: čoq 1 (ДТС - KB), čōq 2 (MK - Oghuz), čoɣ-al- 3
Turkish: čok (-ɣu) 1, čoɣal- 3
Middle Turkic: čoq 1 (Sangl., Oghuz-nama, AH), čoq- 3 (Abush.)
Azerbaidzhan: čox 1, čoxal- 3
Turkmen: čoq (-qu) 4
Khakassian: sox 2
Oyrat: čoq- 3
Tuva: šoɣ 2
Kirghiz: čoq 1
Kazakh: šoɣɨr 4
Noghai: šoq 'дружно'
Gagauz: čoju 4, čoq-la-n- 3
Karaim: čoq 1, čoɣɨ 4 (K)
Karakalpak: šoq 2, 4